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New Tool Maps Buildings' Energy Efficiency
Architects, engineers and building managers will soon be able to quickly collect data about building interiors that once took weeks to measure and process. A backpack-mounted device, developed by a group of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, will require just one pass through the building to create not only a 3D model but gather other valuable information related to the building’s energy efficiency.
Let’s say an older building needs a new, more efficient heating and cooling system. The first thing you need is a precise configuration of all rooms, the size and position of heating and cooling elements, windows and doors, and electrical outlets.
Instead of sending a team of technicians with laser pointers and laptop computers it will soon be possible to hire only one, with a space-age backpack loaded with sophisticated instruments, says engineer Annie Marston with Baumann Consulting, who evaluated the new device.
“The backpack is something you can wear, which has all the sensors on the back, which can then walk through a building and detect the geometry, the lights, the plug load, and, once you take it out, you can create a 3D model which can show an IR (infra-red) image of each of the walls and look at the thermal capacity of the building, and then it can be transferred into an energy model, and the energy model could be run and look at how the energy is dispersed within the building, and that’s when we start looking at saving measures and things like that,” says Marston.
A barometer calculates the elevation, while magnetometers serve as 3D compasses capturing information about metallic structures.
The so-called point cloud map has accuracy of plus or minus 10 centimeters, to which an algorithm can add surfaces to the walls, floors and ceilings, turning it into a feature-rich map.
This can be used for energy simulation, thermo-modeling or architectural design.
Marston says the device may be very useful not only to energy auditors and engineers but also to the construction industry.
“When they are building a new construction, it will be great to have a model of the ducts and the pipes before the walls are closed up, so in later years you know where everything is,” says Marston.
Researchers say they are now trying to lower the backpack's weight from 15 to about 10 kilograms. The projected price of about $20,000 is still high, but they predict the device will be available for loan at a more affordable sum.
詞匯解析
presence
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
n.出席；存在；到場；【生】存在度
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
We shall be very glad to have your presence.
你如能出席,我們將感到很高興。
He made believe not to be aware of my presence.
他假裝不知道我在那里。
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security
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
n.安全；保證；證券；債券；抵押；防護(hù)措施
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
I'll undertake for your security.
我將保證你的安全。
The value of a derivative is based on another security.
金融衍生工具的價(jià)值以另一種債券為基準(zhǔn)。
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progress
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
n.進(jìn)步；發(fā)展；前進(jìn)
v.進(jìn)步；發(fā)展；緩速前進(jìn)；促進(jìn)
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
They made slow progress towards the mountaintop.
他們向山頂緩慢地前進(jìn)。
用作動詞 (v.)
We are meeting again tomorrow to try and progress the matter.
我們打算明天再見面，試著推動這件事情的發(fā)展。
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bacteria
pinlv: hanyin:
英漢解釋
n.(復(fù)數(shù))細(xì)菌
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the laboratory.
在實(shí)驗(yàn)室能夠繁殖細(xì)菌和其他生物。
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sacrifice
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
n.犧牲；祭品；供奉
vt.犧牲；虧本出售；供奉
vi.獻(xiàn)祭；(棒球)作犧牲一擊
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
In the first scene, I sacrifice a sheep, taking its heart.
第一幕場景中，我供奉了一只羊，取出了它的心臟。
用作及物動詞 (vt.)
It's the company's policy to sacrifice short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth.
為長期發(fā)展而犧牲短期利潤是公司的方針。
用作不及物動詞 (vi.)
As an additional cost to play Shard Volley, sacrifice a land.
作為碎片齊發(fā)的額外費(fèi)用，犧牲一快地。
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reaction
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
n.反應(yīng)；生理反應(yīng)；反應(yīng)能力；復(fù)舊；反動；化學(xué)反應(yīng)
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
Her arrest produced an immediate reaction from the press.
她被捕的事立刻在新聞界引起反應(yīng)。
After all the excitement there was an inevitable reaction.
熱鬧一番過后,生活沉悶如故。
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victim
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
n.受害者；受騙者；犧牲
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
She fell an easy victim to his temptation.
她經(jīng)不起他的誘惑，輕易地被騙了。
He was the victim of injustice.
他是不公平的犧牲者。
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