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Tough Iran Talks to Resume in 2015
Talks aimed at ensuring that Iran cannot build a nuclear weapon, and ending international sanctions against it, missed a self-imposed deadline in 2014 and will resume next year. Experts say reaching an agreement is essential for both sides but will not be any easier in the new year.
The negotiators had already extended their talks once, leading to considerable disappointment when they missed their second deadline in November. But U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry said what he called “substantial progress” justified extending the talks again.
“Given how far we have come over the past year, and particularly in the last few days, this is not certainly the time to get up and walk away,” said Kerry.
Six countries representing the United Nations are negotiating with Iran to reduce its nuclear fuel enrichment capacity to a level that would leave it as much as a year away from making a nuclear bomb if its leaders were to decide to do so. Currently, experts say, it is only about two months away.
Iranian officials say they have no intention of obtaining nuclear weapons, but they have a large nuclear program and want a bigger one, and that raises concerns in the international community.
Experts say the dispute will not be any easier to settle next year.
“It’s hard to see what would change to make a deal any more likely next year when they couldn’t reach a deal in the past 12 months of negotiations,” says Mark Fitzpatrick from the International Institute for Strategic Studies.
But he adds it’s important to keep negotiating anyway.
“Without diplomacy Iran’s program would not remain capped. We would be back in a cycle of confrontation and crisis that could lead to Iran getting closer to a nuclear weapon and could lead to military action,” says he.
But Fitzpatrick and others say the interim accord, reached in late 2013, is not good enough for the long term.
Trita Parsi, an Iranian-American author and activist with the National Iranian American Council, agrees.
“The interim deal, even if it may be attractive to both sides right now, probably is not sustainable in the long run because the political landscapes on both sides are going to be somewhat unforgiving and not permit this to be extended over and over again,” says Parsi.
Experts say Iranian opponents of a deal can be controlled by the Supreme Leader, if he likes the final document. But Parsi says Iran is concerned that Republican gains in the November election could make it impossible for President Barack Obama to deliver full sanctions relief.
“There are question marks in the minds of the Iranians as to whether the American promises about sanctions relief actually can be trusted - not to say that they don’t have enough confidence in the president, but they may not have enough confidence in the U.S. Congress,” says Parsi.
The negotiators have given themselves seven more months to reach an agreement. Parsi says all sides should use that time to muster the political will to accept difficult compromises before patience in Washington and Tehran runs out.
詞匯解析
approve
難度：4星核心詞匯，屬常用3000詞
英漢解釋
v.批準(zhǔn)；贊成；同意；稱許
參考例句
用作動詞 (v.)
I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我同意你去掙一些錢，可是請不要誤了功課。
No teacher can approve of cheating in exams.
任何教師都不能允許考試作弊。
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outdoors
難度：2星擴展詞匯，屬常用10000詞
英漢解釋
adv.在戶外地；在野外
n.戶外；野外
名詞outdoor的復(fù)數(shù)形式.
參考例句
用作副詞 (adv.)
Though it is cold, the children are playing outdoors.
雖然天氣冷,但孩子們?nèi)栽趹敉馔妗?/span>
用作名詞 (n.)
I believe that this interest sparked my love for the outdoors.
我相信，正是這種興趣激起了我對野外活動的熱愛。
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joyful
難度：2星擴展詞匯，屬常用10000詞
英漢解釋
adj.愉快的；高興的
參考例句
用作形容詞 (adj.)
The meeting between the two families was a joyful one.
這兩家人的聚會十分愉快。
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parliament
難度：2星擴展詞匯，屬常用10000詞
英漢解釋
n.議會；國會；一屆議會的會期
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
Parliament will debate the nationalization issue next week.
議會將在下周辯論國有化議題。
Parliament has passed an Act forbidding the killing of rare animals.
國會通過了一項法令，禁止捕殺珍稀動物。
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conservative
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
adj.保守的；守舊的
n.保守派(黨)；保守的人
參考例句
用作形容詞 (adj.)
The professor's a radical in politics but a conservative dresser.
教授在政治上是激進派,但衣著卻很守舊。
用作名詞 (n.)
He listed himself as a conservative.
他自稱是一個保守主義者。
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discrimination
難度：2星擴展詞匯，屬常用10000詞
英漢解釋
n.歧視；鑒賞力；辨別
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
He is passionately opposed to racial discrimination.
他極端反對種族歧視。
The furnishings in their house showed taste and discrimination.
他們家的室內(nèi)陳設(shè)顯示了主人的審美力和鑒賞力。
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exposure
難度：3星常用詞匯，屬常用6000詞
英漢解釋
n.暴露；揭露；膠片；曝光時間；(在電視、報紙等媒體上的)亮相；挨凍
參考例句
用作名詞 (n.)
The girl is very pleased to take exposure on TV singing program.
這個女孩對在電視歌唱節(jié)目上露面非常高興。
He nearly died of exposure on the cold mountain.
他在寒冷的高山上差一點沒有凍死。
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